封面图是我们在Mt Rainier National Park拍的日落
Hiking Etiquette原文来自美国国家公园官网 https://www.nps.gov/articles/hikingetiquette.htm
虽然文章来自国家公园，但同样适用于各类户外徒步路线。我们之所以翻译这篇文章，是因为发现在游客越多的地方，徒步礼仪执行得越差，因此步道使用者的体验也就越差，沿途的野生动植物也未能得到应有的保护。希望大家在户外游玩时也多注意徒步礼仪，照顾好自己的安全，尊重身边的其他游人，爱护户外的野生动植物们。
中英互译如下：
Hiking is one of the best ways to spend time in the great outdoors. With more than 400 national parks across the country, the opportunities to get out and take a hike are nearly endless. Whether you’re hiking alone or in a group, be sure to follow the written and unwritten rules of the trail. Proper hiking etiquette helps instill respect for other trail users, and it promotes stewardship of the land.
The best thing you can do when hiking is to remember the “golden rule”: treat others the way you would want to be treated.
Here are some main points of hiking etiquette.
徒步旅行是享受户外时光的最佳方式之一。全美有 400 多个国家公园，外出徒步旅行的机会几乎无穷无尽。无论您是独自徒步，还是团体徒步，请务必遵守徒步路线的成文和不成文规则。恰当的徒步礼仪有助于表达对其他徒步者的尊重，并有助于保护脚下的这片土地。
徒步旅行时你能做的最好的事情就是记住“黄金法则”：己所不欲，勿施于人。
以下是徒步礼仪的一些要点：
- Know your right of way. Check signage for the trail you are hiking, and follow the correct right of way yields. Signs may vary from park to park, but these are the general guidelines of yielding on the trail
- Hikers coming uphill have the right of way. If you’re descending the trail, step aside and give space to the people climbing up.
- Bicyclists yield to hikers and horses or other pack stock. Come to a full stop and step to the side to give the right of way. Be mindful of the plants or animals that are near the trail if you must step off the trail. Bicyclists should always ride within their abilities. Before your visit, check individual park regulations to see if biking is allowed.
- Hikers yield to horses and other pack stock. Slowly and calmly step off to the downhill side of a trail. If you approach from behind, calmly announce your presence and intentions. Horses and other pack stock can frighten easily, so avoid sudden movements or loud noises.
- 了解你的通行权。检查您要徒步路线的标志，并遵循正确的通行权。每个公园的标志可能有所不同，但这些是在小路上让行的一般准则：
- 上山的徒步者有先行权。如果您要下山，请退到一边，给爬山的人留出空间。
- 骑自行车的人要让路给徒步者、马匹或其他驮畜。若骑车出行，请完全停车并靠边让路。如果您必须离开步道，请留意步道附近的植物或动物。骑行者应始终在自己的能力范围内骑行。参观之前，请查看各个公园的规定，了解是否允许骑自行车。
- 徒步者要给马匹和其他驮畜让路。如果遇到这些动物，请缓慢而平静地走到小路的下坡一侧。如果您从后面接近，请平静地宣布您的存在和意图。由于马和其他驮畜很容易受到惊吓，因此请避免突然移动或大声喧哗。
- Make yourself known. When you encounter other hikers and trail users, offer a friendly “hello” or a simple head nod. This helps create a friendly atmosphere on the trail. If you approach another trail user from behind, announce yourself in a friendly, calm tone and let him/her know you want to pass.
- 让自己被人所知。当您遇到其他徒步者和步道使用者时，请友好地说“你好”或简单地点头，这有助于在路上营造友好的氛围。如果您从后面接近另一名徒步者，请以友好、平静的语气打招呼，并让对方知道您想超过他们。
- Stay on the trail. Don’t step off trail unless you absolutely must when yielding. Going off trail can damage or kill certain plant or animal species, and can hurt the ecosystems that surround the trail. Always practice Leave No Trace principles: Leave rocks, vegetation, and artifacts where you find them for others to enjoy.
- 留在徒步路线上。如非绝对必要，否则不要偏离路线。偏离路线可能会损害或杀死某些动植物种以及路线周围的生态系统。请始终践行“不留痕迹”原则：将岩石、植被和文物留在您发现的地方供其他人欣赏。
- Do not disturb wildlife. They need their space, and you need yours, too. Keep your distance from the wildlife you encounter. Some parks require you to stay a certain distance from wildlife, so check park regulations before your visit. Never leave the trail to try and get a closer look at an animal because it can hurt the habitat and the animal and put you in danger. For more information about safely viewing wildlife, check out our 7 ways to safely watch wildlife.
- 请勿打扰野生动物。他们需要自己的空间，您也需要自己的空间，请务必与遇到的野生动物保持距离。有些公园也要求您与野生动物保持一定距离，因此在参观之前请查看公园规定。切勿离开小路去尝试近距离观察动物，因为这可能会伤害栖息地和动物，并使您处于危险之中。有关安全观看野生动物的更多信息，请查看安全观看野生动物的 7 种方法。
- Be mindful of trail conditions. If a trail is too wet and muddy, turn back and save the hike for another day. Using a muddy trail can be dangerous, damage the trail’s condition, and damage the ecosystems that surround the trail.
- 注意步道情况。如果小路太湿、泥泞，请折返，改天再徒步。使用泥泞的小径可能很危险，可能破坏小径的路况，还可能破坏小径周围的生态系统。
- Take time to listen. When hiking in the great outdoors, let nature do all the talking. Be respectful of both nature and the other users, and keep the noise from electronic devices at bay. Not only will other visitors appreciate the peace and quiet, but so will the wildlife. Many wildlife species rely on natural sounds for communication purposes, and disrupting those sounds can hurt their chances of survival.
- 花时间去听。在户外徒步旅行时，让大自然来说话。请尊重自然和其他游客，不要把电子设备的噪音带进山林。不仅其他游客喜欢这份宁静，野生动物也同样欣赏这里的宁静。许多野生动物物种依靠自然声音进行交流，干扰这些自然之声可能会有害它们的生存。
- Be aware of your surroundings. Always be aware of your surroundings when hiking in our national parks. It will help keep you and any members of your group safe, and it will help keep wildlife and their habitats safe and healthy. Know the rules for hiking in bear country, and know what to do if you encounter a bear on the trail.
- 注意你的周围环境。在我们的国家公园徒步旅行时，请务必注意周围环境。它将有助于确保您和您团队中任何成员的安全，也将有助于确保野生动物及其栖息地的安全和健康。了解在熊出没领地的徒步规则，并知道如果在路上遇到熊该怎么办。
These are some hiking etiquette guidelines that will help you have a safe, fun, and relaxing trip next time you go hiking in a national park. When in doubt about something just remember the “golden rule” — treat other trail users how you want to be treated, and respect the wildlife and lands of our great national parks.
这些徒步礼仪指南将帮助您下次在国家公园徒步旅行时享受安全、有趣和轻松的旅行。当对某些事情有疑问时，请记住“黄金法则”——以你希望被对待的方式对待其他步道使用者，并尊重我们的野生动物和国家公园。